ENTER


Полный размерЗакрыть
Details

 Nedzvetska O. V.1, Kolot A. V.2, Kovtun M. I.2


1Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kharkiv, Ukraine
2Municipal L. L. Hirshman Hospital no. 14, Kharkiv, Ukraine

Abstract. Risk factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) include age, diseases of the cardiovascular system (atherosclerosis and hypertension), smoking, excessive exposure to light and ultraviolet radiation, an unbalanced diet et al. The retina is involved not only in the implementation of the visual process, and performs energy-information function, since the momentum transfer from the incoming stream of light on it structures of the central nervous system.

 Aim. The aim of the work was to study the production of the hormone melatonin, and features of a light evening and night mode of patients with AMD on the results of the survey.

 Material and methods. A total of 230 patients with various stages of AMD were investigated using a specially designed questionnaire. In the same patients it was studied day and night excretion of the hormone melatonin.

 Results. Analysis of the survey showed that in contrast with the control group of patients with various stages of AMD sleep disorders encountered in 3–4 times more likely, late falling asleep and sleeping in dimly lit rooms – more than in 4 times more likely, late watching television – almost in 3 times likely. Early falling asleep (“larks”) in the control group met on average 10 times higher than in patients with exudative АMD. The findings suggest that among the factors of violation of diurnal light conditions in patients with different stages of AMD the most important is the extension of the residence time in the conditions of artificial light in the evening and at night due to sleep late, sleep in the half lit room, late watching TV. The data that 21 people (26.9 %) of the control group with long hours browsing TV-shows have been identified without AMD, as well as smaller numbers of other violations of light daily regimen in people without AMD suggest that the factor of violation of the light regime is important but not the only provocative factor in AMD development. The observed decline in day and night excretion of the hormone melatonin in patients with different stages of AMD can be related both to overwhelming for the production of melatonin effect of artificial light in the evening and at night, and with factors such as patient age and others.

 Conclusion. These data suggest that factor of mode light disorders can be an important factor in the provocation of AMD development. It can be considered promising in further studies on the relationship of AMD, light conditions and disorders of the neuroendocrine factors as production of the hormone melatonin.

Keywords: age-related macular degeneration, the hormone melatonin, light regime. 


 REFERENCES

  1. Bondarenko L. A., Gubina-Vakulik G. I., Sotnik N. N., Gevorkyan A. R. Influence of constant light on the circadian rhythm of melatonin and the pineal gland structure in rabbits. Problemy endokrynnoi patolohii [Issues of endocrine pathology]. 2005; (4): 38–45 (in Russian).
  2. Bondarenko L. A., Sotnik N. N., Gevorkyan A. R. The role of melatonin in the mechanisms of neuroendocrine regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system. Neyrofziologiya [Neurophysiology]. 2008; (40): 465–475 (in Russian).
  3. Davydov V. V., Kashkalda D. A., Goloborodko A. V. Norms of the content of biologically active substances in children and adolescents. Handbook. Kharkiv: Fedorko, 2008, 132 р. (in Russian).
  4. Molchanov A. Yu. Molecular genetics and biochemistry of melatonin. In: Rapoport S. I. Melatonin: prospects of application in clinic. Мoscow: IMA-PRESS, 2012, pp. 8–29 (in Russian).
  5. Nedzvetskaya O. V., Kolot A. V., Bondarenko L. A. Morphological characteristics of the retina in experimental gipopinealism. Problemy suchasnoi medychnoi nauky ta osvity [Problems of modern medical science and education]. 2008; (3): 64–65 (in Russian).
  6. Ostrovskiy M. A., Fedorovich I. B. The mechanisms of the damaging effect of light on retinal photoreceptors of the eye. Fiziologiya cheloveka [Human physiology]. 1982; (8): 572–577 (in Russian).
  7. Pasechnikova N. V. Laser treatment of the pathology of the fundus. Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 2007, 206 p. (in Russian).
  8. Soldatova A. M. The role of free radical and redox processes and visible light in the pathogenesis of sclerotic macular degeneration. Oftalmologicheskiy zhurnal [Journal of ophthalmology]. 1992; (6): 273–278 (in Russian).
  9. Chernitskiy Ye. A., Vorobey A. V. Molecular mechanisms of biological action of optical radiation. Мoscow: Nauka, 1988, pp. 102–131 (in Russian).
  10. Algvere P. V., Marshall J., Seregard S. Age-related maculopathy and the impact of blue light hazard. Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica. 2006; (84): 4–15.
  11. Arendt J. Importance and relevance of melatonin to human biological rhythms. Journal of Neuroendocrinology. 2003; (15): 427–431.
  12. Barrenetxe J., Delagrange P., Martínez J. Physiological and metabolic functions of melatonin. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry. 2004; (60): 61–72.
  13. Chang M. A., Bressler S. B., Munos B., West S. K. Racial differences and other risk factors for incidence and progression of age-related macular degeneration. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 2008; (49): 2395–2402.
  14. Delcourt C. Modifiable risk factors for AMD. In: Silva R. Age-related macular degeneration. Loures: Artes Grafcas, 2010, pp. 15–20.
  15. Evereklioglu C., Er H., Doganay S. Nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation are increased and associated antioxidant enzyme activities in patients with age-related macular degeneration. Documenta Ophthalmologica. 2003; (106): 129–136.
  16. Jager R. D., Mieler W. F., Miller J. W. Age-related macular degeneration. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2008; (358): 2606–2617.
  17. Klein R. Overview of progress in the epidemiology of age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmic Epidemiology. 2007; (14): 184–187.
  18. Reiter R. J. Melatonin: the chemical expression of darkness. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 1991; (79): 153–158.
  19. Pepping J. Melatonin. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy. 1999; (56): 2520–2527. 

Received: 29 March 2016

Published: July 2016