Prediction of disease duration and age of patients with different primary open-angle glaucoma changes

Avdeev R.V.¹, Alexandrov A.S.², Bakunina N.A.³, Basinsky A.S.⁴, Blyum E.A.⁵, Brezhnev A.Yu.⁵, Volkov E.N.⁷, Gazizova I.R.⁸, Galimova A.B.⁹, Gaponko O.V.¹⁰, Garkavenko V.V.¹¹, Getmanova A.M.¹², Gorodnichy V.V.², Gorshkova M.S.¹³, Gusarevitch A.A.¹⁴, Diordiychuk S.V.², Dorofeev D.A.¹⁵, Zhavoronkov S.A.¹³, Zavadsky P.Ch.¹⁶, Zvereva O.G.¹⁷, Karimov U.R.¹⁸, Kulik A.V.¹⁹, Kuroyedov A.V.^2, 20, Lanin S.N.²¹, Lovpache Dzh.N.²², Loskutov I.A.²³, Molchanova E.V.²⁴, Ogorodnikova V.Yu.², Onufrichuk O.N.²⁵, Petrov S.Yu.²⁶, Rozhko Yu.I.²⁷, Sidenko T.A.²⁸

¹State Medical Academy, Voronezh, Russia;
²Mandryka Medicine Clinical Center, Moscow, Russia;
³Pirogov City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia;
⁴Prof. Basynsky Ophthalmology Center, Orel, Russia;
⁵Ophthalmology Hospital, Shymkent, Kazakhstan;
⁶State Medical University, Kursk, Russia;
⁷Bayandin Ophthalmology Hospital, Murmansk, Russia;
⁸State Medical University, Ufa, Russia;
⁹Russian Eye and Plastic Surgery Center, Ufa, Russia;
¹⁰Region Clinical Hospital №2, Vladivostok, Russia;
¹¹Voyno-Yasenetsky State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
¹²Regional Eye Hospital, Bryansk, Russia;
¹³Filatov City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia;
¹⁴Regional Hospital №1, Novosibirsk, Russia;
¹⁵Ophthalmology Hospital №3, Chelyabinsk, Russia;
¹⁶State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus;
¹⁷Region Clinical Ophthalmology Hospital, Kazan, Russia;
¹⁸Region Ophthalmology Hospital, Gulistan, Uzbekistan;
¹⁹«Meditsina» Medical Center, Moscow, Russia;
²⁰Russian State Medical University, Moscow, Russia;
²¹Makarov Ophthalmology Clinical Hospital, Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
²²Helmgoltz State Ophthalmology Institute, Moscow, Russia;
²³Semashko State Ophthalmology Hospital,Moscow, Russia;
²⁴State Medical Academy, Omsk, Russia;
²⁵City Government Hospital,Kogalyum, Russia;
²⁶Scientific State Ophthalmology Institute, Moscow, Russia;
²⁷State Hospital, Gomel, Belarus;
²⁸City Government Hospital №5, Perm, Russia

 Summary. Objective is to find out the expected duration of the disease and age of patients with different primary open angle glaucoma changes. The study protocol included data from 120 patients (50 males (41.7 %), 70 females (58.3 %); 189 eyes; 102 right eyes; 87 left eyes). The first study group (28 patients, 44 eyes) comprised patients with suspected glaucoma. The second group (53 patients, 84 eyes) consisted of patients with early glaucoma changes. The third group (21 patients, 33 eyes) included patients with advanced glaucoma changes. And the forth group (18 patients, 28 eyes) comprised patients with terminal glaucoma. Mean patients age at the diagnosis was 61.6 (58.4; 66.9) years. It was 66.9 (63.4; 72.8) years at the endpoint visit in 2013. In all cases the diagnosis was made according to the differential diagnosis system and was proved by special diagnostic techniques. Database included data from 3 qualified examinations comprised of tonometry and static automatic perimetry results. The average expected patients age at the moment of blindness was 75.1 years. The event occurrence was limited by a period of 6.1 years. Mean patients age at the time of possible glaucoma development was 59.58 (56.14; 64.36) years. The disease itself could have developed within −3.24 (−5.38; −1.2) years prior to the diagnosis.

 Glaucoma diagnostic research should be focused on the age group of 55–60 years. The degree of IOP-lowering in patients with advanced glaucoma changes does not suit the Russian glaucoma society recommendations, which is a criterion of the disease progression.

 Keywords: glaucoma, progression, prediction, IOP-level, static automatic perimetry.