ENTER


Полный размерЗакрыть
Details

Hovhannesyan A. H., Minasyan A. H., Seiranyan V. M., Hakobyan V. Ye.

Department of Ophthalmology, National Institute Health of MH RA Ophthalmology service of Erebouni Medical Center; Diagnostic center “Optomedˮ Canada − Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia 

Summary. The eye drops containing 1 % N-acetylcarnosine (Clarastill™, Bruschettini, Genoa, Italy) have been tested in patients with diabetic retinopathy in randomized blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. 

The results of the trial have shown that N-acetylcarnosine in the content of the eye drops during 6 months of using statistically significantly (versus placebo) decreases the severity of diabetic retinopathy on ETDRS scale and prevents the further development of the disease (p < 0.001). 

The early prescription of long term application of Clarastill™ eye drops is recommended for prevention of diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus. 

Taking into account the antioxidant, cytoprotective, eutrophic, moisturizing, lubricating properties of N-acetylcarnosine, the use of Clarastill™ eye drops is justified before and after laser coagulation of the retina; the use of the drops is also indispensable in advanced diabetic retinopathy for prevention of total blindness. 

 Keywords: diabetes, retinopathy, treatment, N-acetylcarozine, Clarastill.


REFERENCES

  1. Бородай А.В., Сабурова Г.Ш., Ишунина А.М. Танакан в лечении диабетических микроангиопатий. VII съезд офтальмологов России. Тез. докл., ч. 1, М., 2000. с. 304−305.
  2. Галилеева В.В., Киселева О.М. Применение антиоксиданта мексидола у больных с диабетической ретинопатией. VII съезд офтальмологов России. Тез. докл., ч. 2, М., 2000, с. 425–426.
  3. Евграфов В.Ю. Диабетическая ретинопатия: патогенез, диагностика, лечение. Автореф. дис. ... докт. мед. наук. М., 1996, 47 с.
  4. Ефремова Л.Л. Применение препарата системной энзимотерапии вобэнзима в лечении гемофтальмов и иридоциклитов. Автореф. дис. ... канд. мед. наук. Ростов-на-Дону, 2000, 24 с.
  5. Зуева М.В., Цапенко И.В., Кубатиев А.А., Недосугова Л.В., Волковой А.К., Бегляров Д.А. Влияние препарата Диквертина на течение диабетической ретинопатии. VII съезд офтальмологов России. Тез. докл. ч. 2, М., 2000, с. 440–441.
  6. Ильенков С.С., Вайник Д.Е., Ланин С.Н., Леонова Л.Л., Лазаренко В.И. Эффективность ксантинола никотината при диабетической ретинопатии. Вопросы офтальмоэндокринологии и сосудистой патологии глаз. Мат. науч. практ. конф. офтальмологов и эндокринологов. Красноярск, 1999, с. 32–38.
  7. Ильенков С.С., Вайник Д.Е. Изменения гемореологических показателей у больных диабетической ретинопатией и медикаментозные способы их коррекции. VII съезд офтальмологов России. Тез. докл., ч. 1, М., 2000, с. 313–314.
  8. Крупчатникова О.В., Денисов Л.Н. Вобэнзим в комплексном лечении сосудистых и посттравматических поражений органа зрения. VII съезд офтальмологов России. Тез. докл. ч. 1, М., 2000, с. 317.
  9. Крутенков О.А., Евграфов В.Ю. Влияние локального введения тромболитиков и эмоксипина на остроту зрения и показатели периметрии у больных диабетической ретинопатией. Мат. II Евро-Азиатской конференции по офтальмохирургии, ч. 2, разд. 6–12, Екатеринбург, 2001, с. 326–327.
  10. Мареев В.Ю. Четверть века эры ингибиторов АПФ в кардиологии. Русский медицинский журнал, 2000, 15–16, с. 602–609.
  11. Нудьга Л.И. Комплексное лечение диабетической ретинопатии. VII съезд офтальмологов России. Тез. докл., ч. 2, М., 2000, с. 472–473.
  12. Скрипка В.П., Тур А.Н., Угай Н.А. Эффективность системной энзимотерапии в лечении больных с диабетической ретинопатией. VII съезд офтальмологов России. Тез. докл., ч. 1, М., 2000, с. 330.
  13. Скуратова Т.М. Использование препарата диквертин для лечения диабетической ангиопатии. Вопросы офтальмоэндокринологии и сосудистой патологии глаз. Мат. науч. практ. конф. офтальмологов и эндокринологов. Красноярск, 1999, с. 38–39.
  14. Скуратова Т.М., Ульданов В.Г., Золотавин В.В., Пьянков В.З. Опыт применения препарата диквертин в клинической практике у больных с диабетической ангиопатией. Офтальмология Якутии на рубеже веков. Мат. науч. практ. конф. офтальмологов, посвященной 75-летию службы. Якутск, 2000, с. 130–131.
  15. Сорокин Е.Л. Оптимизация лечения манифестных форм диабетической ретинопатии. Мат. II Евро-Азиатской конференции по офтальмохирургии, ч. 1, разд. 1–5. Екатеринбург, 2001, с. 184–185.
  16. Трофимова С.В. Применение пептидных биорегуляторов при лечении диабетической ретинопатии. Автореф. дис. ... канд. мед. наук, СПб., 1999, 20 с.
  17. Хавинсон В.Х., Трофимова С.В. Биорегуляторные пептиды в лечении диабетической ретинопатии. VII съезд офтальмологов России. Тез. докл. ч. 1, М., 2000.
  18. Aiello L.P. The potential role of PKC beta in diabetic retinopathy and macular edema. Surv. Ophthalmol., 2002. 47, suppl. 2, p. S263–S269.
  19. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Preferred Practice Pattern: Diabetic Retinopathy 1998, San Francisco, Calif: American Academy of Ophthalmology, 1998.
  20. Babizhayev M.A., Seguin M.C., Gueyne J. et al. L-carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) and carcinine (beta-alanylhistamine) act as natural antioxidants with hydroxyl-radical-scavenging and lipid peroxidase activities. Biochem., J., 1994, 304: 509−16.
  21. Babizhayev M.A., Yermakova V.N., Sakina N.L. et al. N-acetylcarnosine is a prodrug of L-carnosine in ophthalmic application as antioxidant. Clin. Chim. Acta, 1996, 254:1–21.
  22. Boldyrev A.A., Dupin A.M., Bunin A.Y. et al. The antioxidative properties of carnosine, a natural histidine containing dipeptide. Biochem. Int., 1987, 15: 1105−13.
  23. Chaturvedi N., Sjolie A.K., Stephenson J.M. et al. Effect of lisinopril on progression of retinopathy in normotensive people with type I diabetes. Lancet, 1998, 351, p. 28–31.
  24. Diabetic Retinopathy Research Group. Photocoagulation treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy: clinical application of diabetic retinopathy study (DRS) findings, DRS report number 8. Ophthalmology, 1981, 88:583−600.
  25. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Early photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy: ETDRS report 9. Ophthalmology, 1991, 98 (suppl):766−785.
  26. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Effects of aspirin treatment of diabetic retinopathy. ETDRS Report 8. Ophthalmology, 1991, 98, p. 757–765.
  27. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Fundus photographic risk factors for progression of diabetic retinopathy: ETDRS report number 12. Ophthalmology, 1991, 98:823−833.
  28. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Grading diabetic retinopathy from stereoscopic color fundus photographs: an extension of the modified Airlie House classification: ETDRS report number 10. Ophthalmology, 1991, 98:786−806.
  29. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema. ETDRS report 1. Arch. Ophthalmol, 1985, 103:1796–806.
  30. Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Report of the expert committee on the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care, 1997, 20:1183−1197.
  31. Gardner T.W., Eller A.W., Friberg T.R. et al. Antihistamines reduce blood-retinal barrier permeability in type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy: A pilot study, Retina, 1995, 15, p. 134–140.
  32. Grant M.B., Cooper–DeHoff R., Mames R.N. et al. The efficacy of octreotide in the therapy of severe non-proliferative and early proliferative diabetic retinopathy. A randomized controlled study. Diabetes Care, 2000, 23, p. 504–509.
  33. Grant MB, Mames RN, Fitzgerald C, Hazariwala KM, Cooper-DeHoff R. et al. The efficacy of octreotide in the therapy of severe non-proliferative and early proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a randomized controlled study. Diabetes Care, 2000, 23: 504−509.
  34. Gulewitsch, W., Amiradzibi, S. Uber das carnosin, eine neue organische Base des Fleischextraktes. Ber. Deutch. Chem. Ges., 1900, 33, p.1902−1903.
  35. Harding S., Greenwood R., Aldington S. et al. Grading and disease management in national screening for diabetic retinopathy in England and Wales. Diabet. Med., 2003, 20:965–71.
  36. Massin P.G. Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for diabetic diffuse macular edema. Program and abstracts of the American Academy of Ophthalmology 2002 Annual Meeting, October 20–23, 2002, Orlando, Florida.
  37. Mayer-Davis E.J., Bell R.A., Reboussin B.A., Rushing J., Marshall J.A., Hamman R.F. Antioxydant nutritient intake and diabetic retinopathy. The San Luis Valley Diabetes Study. Ophthalmology, 1998, 105, p. 2264–2270.
  38. Mogensen C.E. Diabetic complications and early treatment using ACE-inhibitors: concluding remarks. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 1996, 10(3), p. 151–153.
  39. Pearson P.A. Fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant in patients with diabetic macular edema. Program and abstracts of the American Academy of Ophthalmology 2002 Annual Meeting, October 20–23, 2002, Orlando, Florida.
  40. Porta M, Allione A. Current approaches and perspectives in the medical treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Pharmacol. Ther., 2004;103:167–77.
  41. Poulsen J.D. Diabetes and anterior pituitary deficiency. Diabetes, 1953, 2, p. 7–12.
  42. Sorbinil Retinopathy Trial Research Group. A randomized trial of Sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor in diabetic retinopathy. Arch. Ophthalmol., 1990, 108, p.1234–1244.
  43. Stefansson E., Bek T., Porta M. et al. Screening and prevention of diabetic blindness. Acta Ophthalmol. Scand., 2000;78:374–85.
  44. Stratton I.M., Kohner E.M., Aldington S.J. et al. UKPDS 50: risk factors for incidence and progression of retinopathy in type II diabetes over 6 years from diagnosis. Diabetologia, 2001;44:156–63.
  45. TDRSR Group. Photocoagulation treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Clinical ap-plication of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS) findings, DRS Report 8, Ophthalmology, 1981;88:583–600.
  46. The DAMAD Study Group. Effect of aspirin alone and aspirin plus dipyridamole in early diabetic reinopathy. A multicentre randomized controlled clinical trial. Diabetes, 1989, 38, p. 491–498.
  47. The DCCT Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N. Engl. J. Med., 1993;329:977−986.
  48. The DIabetic REtinopathy Candesartan Trials (DIRECT) programme. Diabetes & Metabo lism, 2001, 27, suppl. 2, p. 2S4.
  49. The Eye Diseases Prevalence Research Group. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among adults in the United States. Arch. Ophthalmol. 2004, 122:552–563.
  50. The TIMAD Study Group. Ticlopidine treatment reduces the progression of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Arch. Ophthalmol., 1990, 108. p. 1577.
  51. Trautner C., Icks A., Haastert B. et al. Incidence of blindness in relation to diabetes. A popula-tion-based study. Diabetes Care, 1997, 20:1147–53.
  52. U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study Group: Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet, 1998, 352:837−853.
  53. Understanding diabetic retinopathy by Pardianto G. et al. Mimbar Ilmiah Oftalmologi, Indonesia.2005, 2:65−6.
  54. Wahren, J., Ekberg, K., Jörnval H. C-peptide is a bioactive peptide. Diabetologia, 2007, 50, 3, p.60−63.
  55. Younis N., Broadbent D.M., James M. et al. Current status of screening for diabetic retinopathy in the UK. Diabet. Med., 2002, 19, 4:44–9.
  56. Zimmet P., Alberti K.G., Shaw J. Global and societal implications of the diabetes epidemic. Nature, 2001, 414:782–7.

Received: 21 Sep. 2017

Published: December 2017