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Analysis of the Cytokine Balance in Tear Fluid of Diabetic Patients with Bacterial Keratitis Depending on the Severity of the Disease

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Written by Olesia V. Zavoloka, Pavlo A. Bezditko, Liliya P. Abramova, Vitaliy O. Vekshyn
Category: September 2021: Issue 3(14)
Published: 30 September 2021
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https://doi.org/10.30702/Ophthalmology27082021-14.3.18-25/036.1-008
UDC 617.713-002-022.7-036.1-008.8-078:616.379-008.64

Olesia V. Zavoloka, Pavlo A. Bezditko, Liliya P. Abramova, Vitaliy O. Vekshyn

Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine

Abstract

The aim. To analyze the cytokine balance of tear fluid in patients with bacterial keratitis at presentation depending on the severity of the disease and the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM).
Materials and methods. The analysis was performed through the comparison of the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the tear fluid of 17 patients with type 1 DM and bacterial keratitis and 15 patients with bacterial keratitis without DM at presentation. Data from 14 healthy individuals of the appropriate age were also used for comparison. The patients with bacterial keratitis were divided into subgroups according to the severity of bacterial keratitis. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 in the tear fluid of the sick and the contralateral eye were determined by quantitative colorimetric enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results and discussion. At presentation, patients with bacterial keratitis, both with and without DM, showed increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, namely IL-1β and IL-6, in the tear fluid of the sick eye, which correlated with the severity of the disease, and also increased level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the tear fluid of the contralateral eye. In addition, the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 in the tear fluid of the contralateral eye in DM patients were increased at all degrees of severity of bacterial keratitis.
Conclusions. In patients with bacterial keratitis, the cytokine balance of the tear fluid of the sick and the contralateral eye depends on the severity of the disease and the presence of DM.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus, bacterial keratitis, severity of keratitis, cytokines, interleukins.

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